Thursday, June 20, 2013

Balak 5773: Guardians of the Goodly Tents



In this week’s Torah portion, the Moabite king Balak sends Bilam to curse the Israelites. Bilam finds he is unable to do so and he instead issues blessings, including the well known opening to the contemporary worship service: Mah tovu ohalecha Yaakov, mishkenotecha Yisrael – How goodly are your tents, Yaakov (Jacob); your dwelling places, Israel.

Rashi explains that Bilam sees that in the Israelite encampment the tent openings do not face one another, affording each tent privacy from the prying eyes of others. Writes Chana Bracha Siegelbaum in Women at the Crossroads (p. 148), “The woman personifies the tent, which served as the home for the Jewish people during their wandering in the wilderness. Likewise, the name Yaakov refers to the Jewish women (see Rashi on Shemot/Exodus 19:3).”

The Rebbetzin continues: “[The tent] protects the Jewish people from every negative influence. As long as the Jewish men were under the faithful shield of their Jewish women – the guardians of the goodly tents of Yaakov – no evil could befall them. However, as soon as they left their tents, to go astray after strange [Moabite and Midianite] women, they made themselves vulnerable to every sin conceivable, including idol worship.”

The shrewd Bilam understands that the holiness of privacy and modesty ensures Jewish survival. Talmud (Sanhedrin 106a) relates that Bilam advises Balak: “Hashem hates harlotry and the men of Israel love linen garments. Make curtains, have elderly harlots selling linens outside and young ones selling inside…Israel ate, drank and were merry. The old harlots offered the curtains for their true value; the young ones sold them for less.”  The men enter the tents to consort with the young harlots and the women refuse to have relations with them until the Jewish men engage in idolatry.

Normally, the Moabite women would not venture outside their tents. Talmud (Yevamot 77a) notes that the Moabite women do not come out to offer food and drink to the Israelites when the Israelites leave Egypt since “it is not the way of women to go out towards wayfarers.” The Moabite men, however, are faulted for not offering refreshments. Torah therefore prohibits Moabite men from converting to Judaism (Devarim/Deuteronomy 23:4-5), while it allows Moabite women to convert “because of their notion of modesty.” (Siegelbaum)

The Haftorah for Balak (Michah 5:6-6:8) ends with instructions for serving G-d: “He has told you, O man, what is good (mah tov) and what the L-rd requires of you: only to do justice, love kindness and walk modestly with your G-d.” Concludes the Rebbetzin: “If we Jewish women learn to excel in tzniut (modesty) and model exemplary modest behavior, in spite of the immodest spirit prevailing in our current western society, we will b’ezrat Hashem (With G-d’s help), walk with Hashem on the path of our final redemption.” 

Published in honor of the opening of the Mei Tova Mikvah in Dix Hills, New York. May its holy waters bring down many blessings.

No comments:

Post a Comment